形色主义's Archiver

unfeel 发表于 2007-10-20 23:45

摄影构图的思维方式(转)

[color=red]摄影构图的思维方式——形态重叠[/color]
1hG!~l p6g6q.W'M~ 提起摄影构图,我们就会想到公式化的对角线、井字、S型、框架式、三角形构图……诚然这些构图方式是艺术家们的经验之谈,但是局限性非常大。在摄影的数字化时代,构图已经不仅仅是指拍摄时对画面的布局了,更包含了在后期创作时对素材的结合。这里我希望通过对一些作品的案例分析,带给大家一些关于构图的思考方法,使我们的摄影可以摆脱以往画面的呆板,在视觉上获得更多的新鲜感。
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         形态重叠,简单说是两个以上不同元素轮廓的重叠。重叠的主体可以是轮廓相同的、轮廓不同的,
j6K#~jrd!R/nH 也可以是整体与整体、整体与局部。重叠方式也有很多种,可以是融入、嵌入、并列、对比  …通过对不同元素轮廓的重新排列组合,形成新的空间关系,展现创作意图。1a0V*|Z(xc
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|"B-_E}GY [color=red]摄影构图的思维方式——夸张对比[/color]
"Hl"PO'HIJ0?o Y 在画面中包含两个以上的主体时,夸张的表现某个主体,从而与画面中另(群)主体形成
?'lw8~%D$?S0l 强烈的大小的反差效应。夸张对比实质上就是以非正常的比例概念,颠覆人们的视觉经验,从而达到突出展示这一主体的目的。常用的方法是利用广角镜头的透视效果和巧合的拍摄角度来强调主有时也会利用道具获得效果。
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[url=http://static.chinavisual.com/storage/resources/2007/10/15/132254I227432P43566T1.jpg.shtml][img]http://static.chinavisual.com/storage/resources/2007/10/15/132254I227432P43566T1.jpg[/img][/url][/align][align=left][color=red]摄影构图的思维方式——形态切断[/color][/align][align=left]形态切断是将画面的主体分割、打断,再按照作者的意图排列和构成。这种形态切断构成,不是单纯的元素罗列,而是有意识的打破、组合、配置、构成。拍摄时将主体分割和组合的方法有很多种,我们这里简单的列举一下:物体的遮挡、质感的不同、明暗的变化……[/align]
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[color=red]摄影构图的思维方式——隐形构成[/color]IH(C3C8^5`8c
隐形构成,是一种较委婉的构图方式,不直接表现主体本身,而是利用主体的影子、轮廓、边缘、代表的含义等,替代主体出现在画面中。似形而蔽,含于其中。附于实物存在的隐藏形态与超越现实的想象是促成艺术表现的重要手段,表现起来很容易达到一语双关、一箭双雕的效果。在电影海报中常用到这一方法。
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dQ\K[ [color=red]摄影构图的思维方式——偷梁换柱[/color][/align][align=left]这个构成方法实际上就是画面中某一元素的替代关系。即减少某一局部元素,增补另外一个有内在关联或形式上大致相同的元素,力图表现双方在视觉上的统一和内容上的矛盾,以达到令人惊奇的可能性及视觉效果。备受广告业推崇的AbsoIutVodka(经典伏特加)的平面广告中就大量使用了这种方法。[/align]
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对称是最经典的构图方式,现代人在用构图形式表现对称的基础上,溶入了更多心理上的感应作用。换句话说,不是单纯的实物的形式对称。主体可以正反形态、投影形态的对称,但局部一般会出现不同量或质的不对称。R6L$wG\u1|i {
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[P%k:z?JB!q0Lh 强调对影子这一特殊元素加以变化处理,使影子效应在某种程度上揭示所表达的图形主题。在设计画面时突出影子元素,或在影子形态上、形影关系上有意运用变异手法,可以把同质投影或异质投影的不同角度、不同维度空间和不同事物巧妙地组接,达到心理和视觉的统。 s0Tz Vr
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(D(}4\9O^-CZ%K5h 为了是强调物体的某个特征,我们将有意识地对物体的形状进行改变,拉长、压扁或者扩张。通过抽象表现或夸张地突出某一局部,达到显现特殊的视觉效果。
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lifeng186 发表于 2007-10-21 12:32

这种构图好像是偏艺术类了,自己还没达到这样的高度,呵呵

闲言碎语 发表于 2007-10-22 20:41

真所谓:构图有法,法无定法!
H6UqD&^)b"r 感谢LZ!

riechie 发表于 2007-10-23 22:52

很艺术性。呵呵。丰富自己了

苏东坡 发表于 2007-10-27 11:21

好东西,拓宽了我的思路

一生不变 发表于 2008-3-13 10:50

很考的创造思维.
{uT cN8Z^E 有创新才有激情

钱中游 发表于 2008-4-10 22:05

过于艺术、深奥了,好是好,但与我等的差距过大,还是来些通俗的、浅显的,这样对我们更实惠。

yinhongfei 发表于 2008-4-21 13:22

还是该灵活运用才行

photomtv 发表于 2008-5-21 19:52

艺术感很强,看似简单操作起来很难吧

苦咖啡 发表于 2008-5-23 18:45

恩,很不错,学习了

djlhld 发表于 2008-5-24 20:31

好文章,有创意。但黄金分割点的构图法,可能对初学者更容易学习。

棉花糖 发表于 2008-5-28 00:13

最好最贵的东西,往往都是创意和艺术的完美结合,想拍好照片,这点得记住,呵呵:lol

四木 发表于 2008-5-28 00:17

呵,学习中,形色里面好东西很多啊.

四木 发表于 2008-5-28 00:19

:) 形色里面好东西很多啊,学习学习

啊浩 发表于 2008-5-31 10:07

构图是灵活的

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